These free programs and services would be a good toolkit for solving some of our challenges.

• CyberChef

  Online service that handles different kinds of encoding, deciphering and conversion of data.

• Visual Studio Code

  A flexible and easy to use editor for most modern programming languages.

• John the Ripper

  An easy to use password cracker that supports several hundred hash and cipher types.

• Wireshark

  The most popular utility for recording and analyzing network traffic.

• Burp Suite Community Edition

  An advanced platform for security testing websites and services. Lets you hijack and resend web requests.

• Dcode Cipher Identifier

  A powerful website for identifying and decrypting various forms of ciphers and encoding.

• Pwn Tools

  A Python based toolkit for streamlining binary exploitation both locally and remotely.

• Ghidra

  An open source worksuite developed by the NSA for decompiling, debugging and reverse engineering different binary files.

• Sage Math

  Open source software for more complex mathematical operations.

• Volatility 2 and 3

  The leading free tools for analyzing memory dumps to find malicious behavior.